Subject areas include: Mass-wasting, Soils, Rivers, Ground Water, Water Pollution, Volcanoes, Igneous Intrusions, and Glaciers. DO NOT ASSUME THAT QUESTIONS WILL NOT BE ASKED ON TERMS OTHER THAN COVERED BY QUESTIONS BELOW

1. Lake formed by a meander cutoff__________________________

2. Zone above the water table_______________________________

3. Zone below the water table_______________________________

4. Level to which a river can erode___________________________

5. A cause for temporary base level__________________________

6. Measure of how well water can flow through an aquifer__________

7. Measure of the volume of holes in an aquifer___________________

8. Measure of the steepness of the water table_____________________

9. Deposit formed on the inside of a meander______________________

10. Type of stream that causes water gaps_______________________

11. Measure of the steepness of a river__________________________

12. Forms wind gaps_______________________________________

13. Name for bouncing and rolling bedload_____________________

14. Term for the volume of water in a stream versus time___________

15. Term for land denudation in limestone areas__________________

16. Physical lowering of land and deepening of streams by sediment erosion_____

17. Term for the replenishment of aquifers____________________________

18. Term for evaporation from plants._______________________________

19, Term for a stream having water in it year round______________________

20. Cause for the lengthening of a stream_____________________________

21. Causes a stream valley to widen with time_________________________

22. Measure of the largest size particle a stream can carry________________

23. Measure of the total amount of sediment a stream can carry____________

24. Name for the "muddy load" component of a stream__________________

25. Type of stream commonly found in desert and karst areas_____________

25. Type of stream with too much load to carry for the volume of water_______

26. Name for rounded material deposited by a stream_____________________

27. Name for the mound type deposits on the sides of a stream_____________

28. Name for a smaller stream that flows parallel to a major stream__________

29. A topographic high separating to drainage basins______________________

30. Fan shaped deposit formed where a river enters the ocean_______________

31. Fan shaped deposit formed by rivers flowing off desert mountains________

32. Name for the program overseeing landfills__________________________

33. Name for the program overseeing abandoned dump sites_______________

34. Name for the program overseeing hazardous waste sites_______________

35. Name for the program overseeing gas stations______________________

36. Name for Tennessee agency protecting the environment______________

37. What building in Nashville is this agency housed___________________

38. Name for a gaining stream fed by the water table___________________

39. Name for a temporary lowering of the water table due to pumping_______

40. Name for an impermeable unit causing perched water tables___________

41. Name for the limestone terranes having caves and sinkholes___________

42. Type of porosity found in limestone____________________________

43. Type of porosity found in all sedimentary rocks__________________

44. Type of porosity found in unconsolidated sediments______________

45. Type of porosity found in jointed rocks_______________________

46. Name for the ground water discharge point into a river______________

47. A river related cause for rockfall______________________________

48. The most abundant source of fresh water on earth not counting glaciers__

49. The major percentage of precipitation in the hydrologic budget________

50. Pollutant that causes blue-babies disease________________________

51. Pollutant found in degreasers and some wells in Dickson__________

52. Two contaminants caused by agricultural practices_______________

53. Pollution indicator found in human and animal solid waste_________

54. Disease causing pollutant not killed by chlorine found in nearly all rivers____

55. Number 1 documented carcinogin in our municipal supplied water_________

56. Pollutant found in gasoline________________________________________

57. General term for the Nasty liquid that emerges from a landfill____________

58. Term for the contaminants that cause algal blooms in rivers_____________

59. A type of contaminant that has bed been in detergents_________________

60. The main driaving force in controlling the speed of GW contaminant movement__

61. The main cause for mass-wasting____________________________________

62. The time it took to carve out the Grand Canyon__________________________

63. The time it took to carve out the Central Basin___________________________

64. The geologic age of the Central Basin_________________________________

65. The dip of the rocks in the Central Basin______________________________

66. The age of the earth_______________________________________________

67. The most common type of drainage pattern____________________________

68. Type of drainage pattern found in karst terranes and the Basin and Range____

69. Type of drainage pattern common in folded rock terrane__________________

70. Type of drainage pattern common to volcanoes_________________________

71. List two places in the US that overlie a Hot Spot________________________

72. Two ways calderas form___________________________________________

73. What is a nuee ardente___________________________________________

74. What is a plug dome____________________________________________

75. Two areas that have had massive basalt flow from fissure eruptions_______

76. At what plate boundary are there massive fissure eruptions occurring today____

77. List 2 states where there are large batholiths____________________________

78. What type of plate boundary causes most volcanoes_____________________

79. List 3 main type of volcanoes and what the characteristics that makes them differ__

80. List 2 types of lava flows, their general appearance, and relative speed of flow___

81. List an example location where each of the above volcanoes is found__________

82. List 2 places in the continental US that may be the next volcanic eruption occurs__

83. List 5 indicators of an upcoming volcanic eruption_________________________

84. Term for the large wave formed by an earthquake or violent volcanic eruption___

85. Name for a tabular discordant intrusion_________________________________

86. Name for a tabular concordant intrusion________________________________

87. Name for a lenticular concordant intrusion______________________________

88. Two types of massive discordant intrusions_____________________________

89. Do cross-cutting relationships like intrusions allow absolute age-dating of country

country rock and why_________________________________________

90. What do geologist believe caused the destruction of Atlantis______________

91. Can a tsunami sink a ship out in the deep ocean_______________________

92. List the 3 main soils in regard to climate regime and the hardpan found in each___

93. List the general composition of each of the hardpan listed above______________

94. List the 5 main soil horizons and what is commonly found in each____________

95. What is the difference between a residual soil and a transported soil___________

96. List 3 common causes (geologic processes) that lead to transported soils_______

97. List 3 soil nutrients that are common to many fertilizers____________________

98. Type of mass-wasting that has rotational motion at the base___________

99. Type of mass-wasting confined to a channel________________________

100. Type of mass-wasting caused by frost-wedging_____________________

101. Type of mass-wasting involving snow____________________________

102. Type of mass-wasting that causes hummocky topography____________

103. Type of mass-wasting commonly caused by a volcanic eruption_______

104. Type of mass-wasting common where rocks are tilted_____________

105. The most costly type of mass-wasting found nationwide____________

106. List 5 means to prevent or slow down mass-wasting_______________

107. Term for the process that causes people to sink in quick sand________

108. List 2 places where there are continental glaciers today_____________________

109. What is neve (firn)?__________________________________________

110. If a glacier retreats, does internal flowage stop?___________________

111. Where do icebergs of the North Atlantic originate from?_______________

112. What is the difference between a crevasse and a crevice__________________

113. Which produce the most sediment to the oceans worldwide..glaciers or rivers?___

114. What is rock flour?__________________________________________

115. What is loess________________________________________________

116. What is a fiord and where are the found?_________________________________

117. What is a hanging valley and give an example_______________________

118. What is a Cirque?_____________-

119. What is an arete?_____________________

120. What is a horn and what is the classic horn in the world______________

121. What shape are most formerly glaciated valleys?_______________________

122. What is a tarn?__________________________

123. What are paternoster lakes?_________________

124. Know the differences among Terminal, Lateral, and Medial moraines__________

125. What is a glacial erractic?____________________________________________

126. From geologic evidence, could there have been a Loch Ness Monster?_________

127. What geologic type of landform is Loch Ness?___________________________

128. What is an esker?______________________________________

129. What is a kettle and a kettle lake?_________________________________

130. What state is famous for its kettle lakes?____________________________

131. About how many years ago did Niagra Falls form?______________________

132. Did the Great Lakes exist 2 million years ago?________________________

133. What is a kame?____________________________________________________

134. What geologic Epoch is called the Ice Ages?____________________________

135. What is the Coriolos Effect?___________________________________________

136. What direction does the warm Gulf Stream move as a result of the Coriolos Effect?

137. Does the Coriolos Effect affect the direction a bathtub drains?______________

138. Before the warm Gulf Stream was discovered, how did it affect sailors?_________

139. What isotopic ratio is used to determine paleo-temperatures of the earth?_________

140. What is now believed to have caused the Little Ice Age (1650-1850)?___________

141. Describe the origin of the Great Salt Lake (former Lake Bonneville).____________

142. Has the earth's temperatures being warmer or colder than today throughout most of

the last 200 million years?_____________________________

143. What gas has been attributed to global warming?____________________

144. What gas holds most of the earth's heat in?______________________

145. What gas causes acid rain?___________________________________

146. What group of gases has caused the hole in the ozone layer to become larger?_____

147. What gas causes smog and ozone alerts in cities?_________________________

148. If all the glaciers on earth melt, how much higher will sea level be?___________