These are ways of thinking about group dynamics that help us understand the value of group processes for people, whether clients or others. All types of groups have the potential for helping people in many ways.
A. Any type of group may have the following mechanisms:
1. Human contact - meeting basic needs for human interaction.
2. Acceptance - feeling respect from others; verbal and nonverbal caring.
3. Ventilation (catharsis) - whether talking about thing or acting on your feelings.
4. Universalization - realization that you are not unique.
5. Altruism - opportunity to act on desire to help others.
6. Data gathering - gain information central to life tasks.
7. Instillation of hope - placebo effect intensified by others.
B. Discussion groups may also provide the following:
1. Spectator therapy - understanding of self through hearing others.
2. Intellectualization and feedback - test ideas on others.
3. Reality testing - practice new presentation of self in group context.
C. Activity groups may also provide these:
1. Rehearsal - development of skills for life tasks.
2. Deviational allowance - activity leads to affect which then leads to improved relationships and more effective discussion.
3. Entry - specific activities lead to discussion about related issues.