COLLEGE OF MASS COMMUNICATION
              Middle Tennessee State University
                        Fall 2009

Welcome to your first MC 6300 exam.  This exam consists of multiple 
choice/true-false questions.  There is only one right answer for 
each question.  

This exam contains a number of “closed universe” story problems.  Do not 
read more into the fact pattern than is presented.

Submit your answers via e-mail to lburriss@mtsu.edu.  Do not submit 
a copy of the exam; just numbers 1-50 with the appropriate letter 
beside each number.  Do not use an attachment.  Put the answers 
in the body of the e-mail.  Send a copy of your answers back to yourself.

Answers are due by 11:59:59 tonight (Thursday)  

Good luck!

 1. How did the government justify stopping the Pentagon Papers?
    A.  The papers dug into the private life of President 
        Kennedy.
    B.  The papers could hurt national security.
    C.   The papers were stolen by a Soviet agent.
    D.  The papers were the work of a traitor.
    E.  The government was being denied royalties. 

 2. According to the instructor, the trial court deals with
    A.  Fact
    B.  Law
    C.  Both A and B

 3. According to the instructor, an appellate court deals with
    A.  Fact
    B.  Law
    C.  Both A and B

 4. Common law is
    A.  Law enacted by legislatures
    B.  Judge-made law
    C.  Law enacted by administrative agencies
    D.  The same thing as equity

 5. The Progressive case and the Pentagon Papers cases are 
    similar in that both deal with
    A.  None of the below
    B.  Gag orders
    C.  Libel
    D.  Prior restraint
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Use the following answers for the next series of questions.  Some 
answers may be used more than once; others not used at all.

  A.  Schenck v. U.S.
  B.  Gitlow v. New York
  C.  Smith Act
  D.  Near v. Minnesota 

 6.  Was a law passed by Congress, not a court case

 7. Even if a statement is false, it probably cannot be 
    suppressed 

 8. Freedom of speech is protected from state action by the 14th 
    Amendment

 9. Outlined what you can, or cannot, do or say if you want to 
    overthrow the government

10. Said the Bill of Rights applies to the states, not just the 
    Federal government

11. Outlined the Clear & Present Danger Doctrine

**************************************************************** 

12.  The person bringing the lawsuit is the
     A   Plaintiff  
     B.  Defendant
     C.  Appellant
     D.  Appellee

13.  The person who is sued is the
     A   Plaintiff
     B.  Defendant
     C.  Appellant
     D.  Appellee

14.  In terms of legal philosophy and First Amendment theory, 
     did The New York Times win or lose the Pentagon Paper case?
     A.  Win
     B.  Lose

15.  This case said that false statements have just as much 
     protection as true statements.
     A.  Pentagon Papers
     B.  Near v. Minnesota
     C.  Progressive
     D.  Kovacs v. Cooper

16.  You think a local supermarket has been using deceptive 
     advertising.  You write a letter to the store asking them 
     to stop.  The store writes you a letter that says, in 
     essence, "Buzz off!"  You decide to sue the store to make 
     them stop running the ad.  Please trace one possible avenue 
     to move this suit to the U.S. Supreme Court.
     A.  Federal District Court -> Federal Court of Appeals 
         – > U.S. Supreme Court
     B.  Chancery Court -> State Supreme Court -> Federal 
         District Court -> Federal Appeals Court -> U.S. Supreme 
         Court
     C.  Federal Trade Commission -> U.S. Supreme Court
     D.  Federal Trade Commission -> State Supreme Court -> U.S. 
         Supreme Court

17.  In the Pentagon Papers case Justice Marshall made it clear 
     that courts should not do what legislatures had failed to 
     do.  He further said that he would have no trouble 
     sustaining a judgment against the newspapers if Congress 
     passed a law prohibiting them from publishing classified 
     national security information.  Justice Marshall was making 
     what kind of argument
     A.  Absolutist
     B.  Preferred position
     C.  Presumption of Constitutionality
     D.  Over-Breadth

18.  After the first series of Pentagon Papers articles was 
     published in The New York Times, the paper halted 
     publication because of a ruling in the District of Columbia 
     Circuit Court of Appeals.
     A.  True, because the paper was bound by the ruling in the 
         District of Columbia Court of Appeals
     B.  False, because the District of Columbia Circuit Court 
         of Appeals ruled The New York Times could publish
     C.  True, because the District of Columbia Circuit Court of 
         Appeals overturned a ruling by the New York Federal 
         District Court
     D.  False, because the District of Columbia Federal 
         District Court ruled The New York Times could publish
     E.  False, The New York Times did in fact halt publication, 
         but for different reasons than those stated in the 
         answers above

19.  We talked about the three equal branches of government, but 
     said which branch is "more equal" than the others. 
     A.  Executive
     B.  Legislative
     C.  Judicial

20.  Explain the significance of the Marbury v. Madison 
     decision.
     A.  The court ruled it had the right to determine the 
         constitutionality of the law.
     B.  The court ruled it had the right to determine the 
         extent of seditious libel
     C.  The court it had the right to determine the limits of 
         government control of the media
     D.  None of the above 

21.  According to the instructor, _____ tells us what we can and 
     cannot do, but _____ tells us what we ought or ought not to 
     do.
     A.  Law / Ethics
     B.  Ethics / Law

22.  What is the difference between civil law and criminal law?
     A.  Civil law helps settle disputes between individuals; 
         criminal law settles disputes between the individual 
         and the state.
     B.  Civil law helps settle disputes between individuals; 
         criminal law deals with offenses against society
     C.  In criminal law someone is prosecuted in the name of 
         the state; in civil law, one individual is prosecuting 
         another individual
     D.  Criminal laws are enacted by the state; civil laws are 
         enacted by the Federal government

23.  In colonial times, English law allowed governors to prevent 
     newspapers from printing material damaging to the Crown.  
     Such laws express the principle of 
     A.  Seditious Libel
     B.  Political propaganda
     C.  Treason
     D.  Social Responsibility press theory 

24.  The theory that assumes legislative acts are constitutional 
     unless they restrict the First Amendment
     A.  Absolutist
     B.  Preferred Position
     C.  Presumption of Constitutionality
     D.  Rational Relationship

25.  Among the following, which is the best single summary 
     concerning limitations on freedom of the press (that is, 
     all media) in the United States?
     A.  There are no limitations on newspapers; all other media 
         are in some way constrained
     B.  The First Amendment to the U.S. Constitution has 
         effectively prevented government from limiting freedom 
         in any way 
     C.  The press and other media are in fact limited by a 
         complex set of formal and informal political, as well 
         as economic restraints

26.  If you are issued a court order that is clearly 
     unconstitutional, you are not under any obligation to obey 
     it while it is being appealed.
     A.  True 
     B.  False

27.  You are the defendant in a civil matter.  If you lose the 
     case you could end up in jail.
     A.  True
     B.  False
     C.  True if the proof against you is “beyond a reasonable 
         doubt”

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Use the following answers for the next series of questions

  A.  Strict Scrutiny
  B.  Intermediate scrutiny
  C.  Rational basis

28.  Used when a fundamental right is at issue

29.  The state passes a law that you claim infringes on the 
     First Amendment.  The state will want the judge to apply 
     this test.

30.  The state passes a law you claim violates the First 
     Amendment.  You want the judge to apply this test.

31.  If the state passes a law you claim violates the First 
     Amendment, and if the judge uses this test, the law will   
     almost always fail based on the notion of “over-breadth.”

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

32.  Marbury vs. Madison
     A.  Was the first libel case tried in the United States
     B.  Established modern privacy law
     C.  Established the ability of the U.S. Supreme Court to 
         decide what the constitution means
     D.  None of the above

33.  The federal court of appeals for Tennessee is in
     A.  Cincinnati
     B.  Nashville
     C.  Atlanta
     D.  Memphis 

34.  Prior restraint is a form of information control.  It is 
     accomplished by
     A.  Suppression of publications in anticipation of wrongful 
         publishing
     B.  Putting printers in prison for what they print
     C.  Using existing state law
     D.  Using existing federal law 

35.  Justice William Blackstone created the concept of
     A.  Prior Restraint
     B.  The "Chilling Effect"
     C.  Libel per se
     D.  Subsequent Punishment 

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Please use the following answers for the next series of questions

  A.  Constitutions
  B.  Common law
  C.  Statutory law
  D.  Administrative law

36.  Promulgated by the FCC

37.  Judge-made law

38.  Enacted by legislative bodies

39.  Offers basic guidelines and philosophical positions

40.  Based on the notion of stare decisis
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

41.  Two opposing hate groups, both known for violent 
     confrontation, want to march around the town square in 
     downtown Smyrnaboro.  The city council, in emergency 
     session, passes an ordinance forbidding marches by groups 
     that promote “immoderate or intemperate speech or actions.”  
     The ordinance is unconstitutional.
     A.  True, because it is overbroad
     B.  False, because it only targets certain kinds of speech
     C.  False, because it only targets speech that offends the 
         local community standard
     D.  True, based on Near v. Minnesota
     E.  True, based on Gitlow v. New York 

+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Please use the following quotations and citation for the next series of questions

"[W]e consider this case against the background of a profound national commitment 
to the principle that debate on public issues should be uninhibited, robust, and 
wide-open, and that it may well include vehement, caustic, and sometimes 
unpleasantly sharp attacks on government and public officials....The judgment of 
the Supreme Court of Alabama is reversed and the case is remanded to that court 
for further proceedings not inconsistent with this opinion." 

"Justice Black, with whom Justice Douglas joins (concurring) ...I base my vote to 
reverse on the belief that the First and Fourteenth Amendments not merely 'delimit' 
a State's power to award damages to 'public officials against critics of their 
official conduct' but completely prohibit a State from exercising such power....Unlike 
the Court, therefore, I vote to reverse exclusively on the ground that the Times and 
the individual defendants had an absolute, unconditional constitutional right to 
publish in the Times advertisement their criticisms of Montgomery agencies and 
officials."  New York Times v. Sullivan, 376 US 254, 270 et seq. (1964).

42.  Who is bringing this case to this court?
     A.  The New York Times
     B.  Sullivan
     C.  The U.S government
     D.  A state government

43.  Who is the plaintiff/appellant in this case?
     A.  The New York Times
     B.  Sullivan
     C.  The U.S government
     D.  A state government

44.  According to the citation, this decision is found in
     A.  The U.S. Code
     B.  U.S Reports
     C.  U.S. Supreme Court Reports
     D.  Code of Federal Regulations

45.  The number "376" refers to
     A.  The page on which the decision begins
     B.  The volume number 
     C.  The paragraph number

46.  This quotation is found on page _____
     A.  254
     B.  270
     C.  376
 
47.  This case came on appeal from the Alabama Supreme Court.  
     Who probably won at that level?
     A.  New York Times
     B.  Sullivan
     C.  You can't tell from the material presented above

48.  Who won at the U.S. Supreme Court level?
     A.  The New York Times
     B.  Sullivan
     C.  The U.S government
     D.  Alabama
     E.  You can't tell from the quotes

49.  Justice Black
     A.  Agreed with the Supreme Court's decision
     B.  Disagreed with the Supreme Court's decision
     C.  Voted to uphold the Alabama Supreme Court
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

50.  Even though it has been outlawed in every civilized country 
     in the world, the practice of cat juggling continues 
     unabated in a few countries where it is not banned.  You 
     recently visited one of these countries and witnessed the 
     event first-hand.  On your next visit you bring a film crew 
     and produce a motion picture which includes many scenes 
     featuring cat juggling.  When the film is released in the 
     United States, many theater owners experience a large 
     increase in patronage from both the curious, who buy 
     tickets to see the spectacle, and animal rights advocates, 
     who protest outside.  After receiving numerous complaints 
     about the film, the legislature of the state of Tennabama 
     passes a statute which prohibits showing any film 
     containing any visual display of the illegal practice of 
     cat juggling for any purpose.

     A Tennabama theater owner is arrested for screening your 
     film.  Will a criminal prosecution of the theater owner for 
     violating Tennabama’s law be successful?

     A.  Yes, because commercial speech is unprotected by the 
         First Amendment
     B.  Yes, if the illegal practice of cat juggling is 
         increasing in Tennabama
     C.  No, the statute is an overbroad regulation of speech 
         because it prohibits the showing of the film for any 
         purpose
     D.  No because films, as a form of speech, are absolutely 
         protected by the First Amendment

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