Stephen R. Schmidt
PERSONAL
INFORMATION
Business
Address: Department
of Psychology
Middle Tennessee State University
Murfreesboro, Tennessee 37132
Business
Telephone: (615)
898-2556
Email:
sschmidt@mtsu.edu
EDUCATION
B. Ed University
of Virginia,
1975
Major Field of Study:
Educational Research
M. S. Purdue
University, 1977
Major field of study:
Cognitive Psychology
Title of thesis: Interference Effects of Item Recall and
Category
Recall.
Major Advisor: Harley A.
Bernbach
Ph. D.
Purdue University, 1980
Major
field of study: Cognitive
Psychology
Title of dissertation: Test Expectancy and Test Appropriate
Processing in the Retention of Prose.
Major Advisor: Henry L.
Roediger, III
EMPLOYMENT
1996-present
Full
Professor
Middle
Tennessee State University
1991-1996
Associate
Professor of Psychology with Tenure
Middle
Tennessee State University
1988-1991
Assistant
Professor of Psychology
Middle
Tennessee State University
1980-1988
Visiting
Assistant Professor of Psychology
Virginia
Polytechnic Institute and State
University
1979
Instructor,
Department of Psychological Sciences
Purdue
University
1975-1980
Teaching
Assistant, Department of Psychological
Sciences,
Purdue University
PROFESSIONAL
ORGANIZATIONS
Psychonomic
Society
Midwestern
Psychological Association
RECOGNITIONS
Faculty
Research Award, Middle Tennessee State University, August 2002.
Reviewer:
Journal of Experimental
Psychology: Learning,
Memory
and Cognition
Memory
& Cognition
Journal
of Memory and Language
Perception
and Motor Skills
Journal
of Experimental Child Psychology
Cognition
& Emotion
Research
Grants:
The
Effects of Slow and Fast Attentional Responses on Memory for
Emotional Words. Middle Tennessee State University, Summer 2005.
Human
Memory and Dynamic Semi-Faithful Data Compression.
Middle Tennessee State University,
Summer 2001.
The
Influence of Humor and Processing Task on Memory for Folktales. Middle Tennessee State University, Fall
1994.
Arousal
and Incongruity in Memory for Humorous Materials.
Middle Tennessee State University,
Spring 1992 - Fall 1993.
The
Effects of Humor on Memory, Middle Tennessee State
University, Spring 1990 - Fall 1990.
Distinctiveness
and Memory:
Theory and Data, Middle Tennessee State University, Spring
1989.
Appointment
to the Honors Faculty, Middle Tennessee State University,
1989.
Graduate
Research
Purdue
University, 1977-1979,
Fellow:
Purdue
University, Summer, 1980
Visiting
Scholar:
University
of Michigan, 1978
PUBLICATIONS
Refereed
Articles (in
alphabetical order)
Kramer, D. A., & Schmidt, S.R. (accepted pending final revision) Alcohol Beverage Cues Impair Memory in High Social Drinkers. Cognition & Emotion.
Neely, J.H., Schmidt, S.R., &
Roediger, H.L. (1983). The effects
of the number and recency of semantically related primes on episodic
recognition. Journal of
Experimental Psychology: Learning
Memory and Cognition, 9,
196-211.
Roediger, H.L., & Schmidt,
S.R. (1980). Output interference
in the recall of categorized and paired associate lists.
Journal of Experimental
Psychology: Human Learning and
Memory, 6, 91-105.
Schmidt, C.R. & Schmidt, S.R.
(1986). Children's use of story
themes as retrieval cues. Journal
of Experimental Child Psychology, 42,
237-255.
Schmidt, C.R., Schmidt, S.R.,
& Tomalis, S.M. (1984).
Children's constructive processing and monitoring of stories
containing
anomalous information. Child
Development, 55, 2056-2071.
Schmidt, S.R. (1983).
The effects of recall and recognition
test expectancies on the retention of prose.
Memory and Cognition, 11, 172-180.
Schmidt, S.R. (1985).
Encoding and retrieval processes in the
memory for conceptually distinctive events. Journal
of Experimental Psychology: Learning
Memory and Cognition, 11,
565-578.
Schmidt, S.R. (1988).
Test expectancy and individual-item
versus relational processing. American
Journal of Psychology, 101,
59-71.
Schmidt, S. R. (1991).
Can we have a distinctive theory of
memory? Memory & Cognition,
19, 523-542.
Schmidt, S. R. (1992). Evaluating the Distinctiveness Interpretation
of the
Generation Effect. Quarterly
Journal of Experimental Psychology, 44A, 237-260.
Schmidt, S. R. (1994) The Effects
of Humor on Sentence Memory.
Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning,
Memory, and Cognition, 20,
953-967.
Schmidt, S. R. (1996)
Category typicality effects in episodic
memory: Testing Models of
distinctiveness. Memory &
Cognition, 24, 595-607.
Schmidt, S. R. (2002).
The humor effect: Differential
processing and privileged
retrieval. Memory, 10, 127-138.
Schmidt, S. R. (2002).
Outstanding Memories: The Positive
and Negative Effects of
Nudes on Memory. Journal of
Experimental Psychology: Learning,
Memory, and Cognition, 28,
353-361.
Schmidt, S. R. (2004). Autobiographical memories for the September
11th
attacks: Reconstruction,
distinctiveness, plus emotional impairment of memory. Memory &
Cognition. 32, 443-454.
Schmidt, S.R., & Bohannon,
J.N. (1988). In
defense of the flashbulb memory
hypothesis: A reply to McCloskey,
Wible, and Cohen. Journal of
Experimental Psychology: General,
117, 332-335.
Schmidt, S.R., & Cherry,
K. (1989). The
negative-generation effect: Delineation of
a phenomenon. Memory & Cognition, 17, 359-369.
Schmidt, S. R., & Williams,
A. R. (2001). Memory for Humorous Cartoons. Memory & Cognition,
29, 305-311.
Schmidt, S.R. (1990).
A test of resource-allocation
explanations of the generation effect.
Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society, 28, 93-96.
Books/ Book Chapters
Schmidt, C.R., & Schmidt,
S.R. (1983). Study Guide to
accompany Worchel & Shebilske, Psychology: Principles
and Applications. New
Jersey: Prentice-Hall.
Schmidt, S.R., Schmidt, C.R.,
& Schicht, W.W. (1983). Instructor's
Manual to accompany Worchel & Shebilske, Psychology:
Principles and Applications. New
Jersey: Prentice-Hall.
Schmidt, S. R. (2006). Emotion,
significance,
distinctiveness, and Memory. In R. R. Hunt, & J. B. Worthen, (Eds.)
Distinctiveness
and Memory. (pp. 47-64). Oxford:
University
Press.
Schmidt, S. R. (in press). Unscrambling
the Effects of Emotion and Distinctiveness on Memory. To appear in Nairne, J. (Ed.) Title to be
announced. Psychological Press.
Bohannon, N., Symons, V. Schmidt,
S. R., Hull, R. (1990, February). Flashbulb
Memories: Emotion Effects
Quantity, Consistency, and Confidence. Conference
on Flashbulb Memories and
the Shuttle Explosion. Atlanta,
Georgia.
Hobbs, W. & Schmidt, S. R.
(1999, June). Effects of
Emotional Stimuli on a Delayed Recall Task. Paper
presented at the
Annual Convention of the American Psychological Society, Denver, CO.
Neely, J.H., Schmidt, S.R., &
Roediger, H.L. (1980, November). Output
interference and priming effects within categories in episodic
recognition.
Paper
presented at the meeting of the Psychonomic Society, St. Louis, MO
Saari, B. & Schmidt, S. R.
(May, 2005). The effects of taboo
words on memory. Paper presented
at the annual meeting of the South Eastern Psychological Association,
Nashville, TN.
Schmidt, C.R., Schmidt, S.R.,
& Tomalis, S.M. (1983, November). Children's constructive
processing and
monitoring of stories containing anomalous information. Paper
presented at the Virginia Forum for Developmental Research, Richmond,
Virginia.
Schmidt, C.R., & Schmidt,
S.R. (1986, May). Children's
use of themes in the recall of stories. Paper
presented at the annual meeting
of the Midwestern Psychological Association, Chicago, IL.
Schmidt, C.R., & Schmidt,
S.R. (1986, November). Children's
Use of Story Themes to Reconstruct Thematic and Non-Thematic Stories. Paper
presented at the Virginia Forum for Developmental Research,
Charlottesville,
VA.
Schmidt, C.R., & Schmidt,
S.R. (1987, April). Developmental
Changes in the Reconstruction of Thematic and Non-Thematic Stories. Paper
presented at the Biennial Meeting of the Society for Research in Child
Development, Baltimore, MD.
Schmidt, S.R. (1984, May).
Retrieval of conceptually
distinctive events. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting,
Midwestern Psychology Association, Chicago, IL.
Schmidt, S.R. (1987,
February). The effects of
procedural distinctiveness on memory. Paper
presented at the meeting of the
Cognition Group of North Carolina, Duke University.
Schmidt, S.R. (1987,
May). The generation effect and
relational processing. Paper
presented at the Annual Meeting, Midwestern Psychology Association,
Chicago,
IL.
Schmidt, S.R. (1988, May).
Is Generation a Type of
Distinctiveness? Paper presented at the Annual Meeting,
Midwestern Psychology Association, Chicago, IL.
Schmidt, S.R. (1989,
November). The Generation
Effect as a Function of Isolation:
The Role of Distinctiveness. Paper
presented at the annual meeting
of the Psychonomic Society, Atlanta, GA.
Schmidt, S. R. (1990, November). Memory for Humorous Sentences:
A Preliminary Analysis. Paper
to be presented at the annual meeting of the Psychonomic Society, New
Orleans,
LA.
Schmidt, S. R. (1992,
April). The Effects of Incongruity on
Memory.
Invited address at Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN.
Schmidt, S. R. (1992, May).
Poor Memory for Atypical
Events: A Problem for Theories of
Distinctiveness. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting,
Midwestern Psychology Association, Chicago, IL.
Schmidt, S. R. (1994,
November). Models of
Distinctiveness and the Effects of Category Typicality. Paper
presented at the Annual Meeting of the Psychonomic Society, St. Louis,
MO.
Schmidt, S. R. (1996, May).
Memory for Details in Pictures of
Nudes.
Paper presented at the Annual Meeting, Midwestern Psychology
Association, Chicago, IL.
Schmidt, S. R. (1996,
November). The Importance of
Being Different. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting
of the Psychonomic Society, Chicago, IL.
Schmidt, S. R. (1997, Nov.).
In Search of Paradoxical Effects of
Arousal on Memory. Paper
presented
at the annual meeting of the Psychonomic Society, Philadelphia, PA.
Schmidt, S. R. (2000, Nov.).
Item Distinctiveness and False
Memories.
Paper presented at the 41st Annual Meeting of the
Psychonomic Society, New Orleans, LA.
Schmidt, S. R. (2001, Nov.).
Human Memory as Semi-Faithful Data
Compression.
Paper presented at the 42nd
Annual Meeting of the Psychonomic Society, Orlando, FL.
Schmidt, S. R. (2003, April). Emotion,
Significance, Distinctiveness, and Memory Paper presented at the 49th
Annual Convention, Southwestern
Psychological Association, New Orleans, LA.
Schmidt, S. R. (2005, March). Unscrambling
the Effects of Emotion and Distinctiveness on Memory.
Invited Address at the Directions in Memory Research Conference,
Purdue
University.
Schmidt, S. R. (2006, May).
Encoding and Retrieval Processes in
Memory of Emotional Words. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting,
Midwestern Psychology Association, Chicago, IL.
Schmidt, S.R., & Bernbach,
H.A. (1978, May). The effects
of type of rehearsal on recognition and recall. Paper
presented at the Fiftieth Annual Meeting, Midwestern Psychology
Association,
Chicago, IL.
Schmidt, S. R. & Griffin, T.
R. (1999, April). The Common
Denominator in Distinctive and False Memories. Paper
presented at the 45th Annual Convention, Southwestern
Psychological
Association, Albuquerque, NM.
Schmidt, S. R., & McMullen,
K. D. (2004, Nov.). Facial
Expression as a Distinctive Feature in Memory. Paper
presented at the annual meeting
of the Psychonomic Society, Minneapolis, MN.
Schmidt, S.R. & Schmidt,
C.R. (1985, November).
Children's Use of Themes in the
Recall of Stories. Paper presented at the Virginia Forum
for Developmental Research, Blacksburg, Virginia.
Schmidt, S. R., & Williams,
A. R. (1992, November).
Memory for the Far Side. Paper
presented at the Annual Meeting of the Psychonomic Society, St. Louis,
MO.
Schmidt, S. R., & Williams,
A. R. (1993, November). Implicating Arousal in Memory for Humorous
Material.
Paper
presented at the Annual Meeting of the Psychonomic
Society, Washington, D.C.
Williams, A. R. & Schmidt, S.
R. (1993, April). Far Side
Recall.
Middle Tennessee Psychological Association, Nashville, TN.
Goodmaster, C.
(1998, May). The Memory Paradox: Effects
of Distinctive Images on Human Memory. Paper
presented at MTPA, Nashville, TN.
Hatmaker, M. (1998,
May). Flashbulb Memories for Princess
Di's Death. Paper
presented at MTPA, Nashville, TN.
Hobbs, W. & Schmidt, S. R. (1999, June). Effects of Emotional Stimuli on a
Delayed Recall Task. Paper presented at the Annual
Convention of the American Psychological Society, Denver, CO.
Kim Feldser, Bill Hobbs, Deanna Vickers,
Clark
Fitzgerald, Christopher Goodmaster, John Ratcliff, Stephen R. Schmidt
(April,
1999). The Effects of Arousing
Pictures on Memory. Paper presented at MTPA, Murfreesboro,
TN.
McMullen, K.D., Green, T.L.A, Haas, J.A., Mentzer, J., Turbeville, H.A., Schmidt, S.R. (2004, May). The Effect of Facial Emotion on Memory Processes. Paper presented at MTPA, Nashville, TN.
Saari, B. & Schmidt, S. R.
(May, 2005). The effects of taboo
words on memory. Paper presented
at the annual meeting of the South Eastern Psychological Association,
Nashville, TN.
Manuscripts in Preparation
Schmidt, S. R. Human
Memory and Semi-Faithful Data
Compression.
Schmidt, S. R. & Saari,
B. The Effects of Slow and Fast
Attentional Responses on Memory for Emotional Words.
PUBLIC
SERVICE
TYPE
DATE
DESCRIPTION:
Instructors
1983
Instructors
Manual for Worchel/Shebilske
Manual
Psychology: Principles and
Applications
Study
Guide
1983
Student
Study Guide for Worchel/Shebilske
Psychology: Principles and
Applications
Fundamentals
of Human Memory and Cognition
Chapter
Review
1989
Review
of chapter for Harper Collins of
Roediger,
Rushton, Capaldi, & Paris
Psychology
Consultant
1991
Consultation
concerning a law suit involving
recall
of information in a traffic accident for
Fleming,
Holloway, & Flynn, P.C. , Columbia,
Tennessee.
Book
Review
1994
Review
for Brooks/Cole of Reed Cognitive
Psychology
Workshop
1996
Using
the World Wide Web to Enhance
Instruction: An Example from
Cognitive
Psychology. Presented at the
Mid-South
Instructional
Technology Conference, March
31
- April 2.
Workshop
1996
Faculty
on the Web: Demonstration of how
MTSU
faculty use the World Wide Web in their
courses. Presented at the MTSU
Faculty
Instructional
Technology Institute, June 21, 1996.
Workshop
1996
World
Wide Web Instructional Tools.
Presented
at the Fall 96 Faculty Showcase,
September
5, 1996
Reviews
for 1984-present
Reviewing
1-6 articles a year for journals
Professional
including
the following:
Journals
Journal
of Experimental Psychology
Journal
of Experimental Child Psychology
Journal
of Memory and Language
American
Journal of Psychology
Reading
& Writing
Memory
& Cognition
Memory
Undergraduate
Courses
Freshman/Sophomore Level
Junior/Senior
Level
Developmental
Psychology
Cognitive
Psychology
Principles
of Learning
Honors
Cognitive Psychology
Research
Methods
Human
Learning & Memory
Statistics
Psycholinguistics
Laboratory
in Cognition
Laboratory
in Human Learning
Laboratory
in Psycholinguistics
Graduate
Courses
Cognitive
Psychology
Information
Processing
Motivating
Children
REFERENCES
Henry
L. Roediger, III
James
H. Neely
Psychology, Campus
Box 1125
Department
of Psychology
Washington
University
SUNY
at Albany
1
Brookings Dr.
Albany,
NY 12222
St.
Louis, MO 63130-4899
(518)
442-5013
(314)
935-6567
Glenn
Littlepage
James
O. Rust
Department
of Psychology
Department
of Psychology
Middle
Tennessee State University
Middle
Tennessee State University
Murfreesboro,
Tn 37132
Murfreesboro,
Tn 37132
(615)
898-2735
(615)
898-2319