Continued Industrialization and Urbanization

New Immigration and Greater Cultural Diversity

Greater Federal Involvement in Education

Progressive Social and Educational Reforms

Research on Human Behavior, Psychology, and Learning

Professionalization of Teaching

End of slavery

Constitutional Amendments

Landmark Supreme Court decisions

Developments in Science and Technology

Philanthropy and the Mass Media

Consolidation and Bureaucratization of Schools

Factors Affecting American Education

In the Modern Era

Reconceptualization of Schooling

Preschools

Middle Schools

Comprehensive HS

Adult Education

National and International Events

Great Depression

World Wars

Civil Rights

Space Race

Cold War

Curriculum Reforms

Standardization

Diversification

Innovation

Evaluation